1. Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
2. Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
3. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
4. Division of Stroke Care Unit, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
5. Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
6. Cerebrovascular Center, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
7. Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
8. Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
9. Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
10. Department of Neurology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
11. Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
12. Stroke Center, Saiseikai Toyama Hospital, Toyama, Japan
13. Department of Neurosurgery, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Japan