Association of Remnant Lipoprotein Levels With Impairment of Endothelium-Dependent Vasomotor Function in Human Coronary Arteries

Abstract

Background —It remains undetermined whether triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Methods and Results —The correlation of responses of coronary arterial diameter (quantitative coronary angiography) and coronary blood flow (intracoronary flow wire technique) to intracoronary infusion of acetylcholine (10 and 50 μg/min) with coronary risk factors including remnant lipoprotein levels was statistically analyzed in 106 consecutive subjects with normal coronary angiograms. Remnant lipoproteins were isolated from fasting blood with an immunoaffinity mixed gel containing anti–apolipoprotein (apo) A-1 and anti–apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies. In multivariate stepwise regression analysis, remnant lipoprotein levels had the most significant correlation with abnormal epicardial coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine infusion, reflected by impaired dilation or constriction of the epicardial coronary arteries, and the levels also had an inverse and independent correlation with the coronary blood flow increase in response to acetylcholine. In a subgroup of 53 consecutive subjects, constrictor responses of epicardial coronary diameters to intracoronary infusion of N G -monomethyl- l -arginine (50 μmol/min for 4 minutes) at baseline, reflecting the presence of coronary nitric oxide bioactivity, had an inverse and independent correlation with remnant lipoprotein levels by use of multivariate analysis. Conclusions —Remnant lipoprotein levels were independently associated with abnormal endothelium-dependent vasomotor function in large and resistance coronary arteries in humans, indicating that remnant lipoproteins may impair endothelial vasomotor function in human coronary arteries. The decrease in coronary nitric oxide bioactivity may be responsible in part for the inhibitory effects of remnant lipoproteins.