Affiliation:
1. From the Center for Heart Failure Research (M.F.C., R.D., S.J., S.H., B.S.), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands; the Division of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation (T.K., J.A.S.), Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Centre de Recherche Public–Santé, Luxembourg (Y.D., D.R.W.), Luxembourg; Maastricht University Medical...
Abstract
Background—
Small RNA molecules, called microRNAs, freely circulate in human plasma and correlate with varying pathologies. In this study, we explored their diagnostic potential in a selection of prevalent cardiovascular disorders.
Methods and Results—
MicroRNAs were isolated from plasmas from well-characterized patients with varying degrees of cardiac damage: (1) acute myocardial infarction, (2) viral myocarditis, (3) diastolic dysfunction, and (4) acute heart failure. Plasma levels of selected microRNAs, including heart-associated (miR-1, -133a, -208b, and -499), fibrosis-associated (miR-21 and miR-29b), and leukocyte-associated (miR-146, -155, and -223) candidates, were subsequently assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Strikingly, in plasma from acute myocardial infarction patients, cardiac myocyte–associated miR-208b and -499 were highly elevated, 1600-fold (
P
<0.005) and 100-fold (
P
<0.0005), respectively, as compared with control subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.94 (
P
<10
−10
) for miR-208b and 0.92 (
P
<10
−9
) for miR-499. Both microRNAs correlated with plasma troponin T, indicating release of microRNAs from injured cardiomyocytes. In viral myocarditis, we observed a milder but significant elevation of these microRNAs, 30-fold and 6-fold, respectively. Plasma levels of leukocyte-expressed microRNAs were not significantly increased in acute myocardial infarction or viral myocarditis patients, despite elevated white blood cell counts. In patients with acute heart failure, only miR-499 was significantly elevated (2-fold), whereas no significant changes in microRNAs studied could be observed in diastolic dysfunction. Remarkably, plasma microRNA levels were not affected by a wide range of clinical confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, kidney function, systolic blood pressure, and white blood cell count.
Conclusions—
Cardiac damage initiates the detectable release of cardiomyocyte-specific microRNAs-208b and -499 into the circulation.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Genetics(clinical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Genetics
Cited by
679 articles.
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