Helicobacter pylori eradication reduces risk for recurrence of gastric hyperplastic polyp after endoscopic resection

Abstract

Background/Aims: Little is known about the effect of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication on the recurrence of gastric hyperplastic polyps after endoscopic resection. Thus, we evaluated the recurrence rate of gastric hyperplastic polyps based on <i>H. pylori</i> eradication following endoscopic resection.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 201 patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection who underwent endoscopic resection for gastric hyperplastic polyps at six medical centers. <i>H. pylori</i> status was assessed by histological analysis and a rapid urease test. A total of 149 patients underwent successful <i>H. pylori</i> eradication (eradication group), whereas 52 patients had persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infections (non-eradication group). The recurrence rate of gastric hyperplastic polyps and the risk factors according to <i>H. pylori</i> status were analyzed.Results: During the mean follow-up period of 18.3 months, recurrent gastric polyps developed after endoscopic resection in 10 patients (19.2% [10/52]) in the non-eradication group and 12 patients (8.1% [12/149]) in the eradication group. The cumulative incidence of recurrent gastric hyperplastic polyps was significantly higher in the non-eradication group than in the eradication group (p = 0.041, log‐rank test). In the adjusted analysis, H. pylori eradication reduced the recurrence of gastric hyperplastic polyps (hazard ratio [HR], 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.99), whereas anticoagulation therapy increased the risk of recurrence of gastric hyperplastic polyps (HR, 4.91; 95% CI, 1.39 to 17.28).Conclusions: Successful eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> may reduce the recurrence of gastric hyperplastic polyps in patients after endoscopic mucosal resection.