Comparison of subjective evaluations in virtual and real environments for soundscape research

Author:

Yang Ming1ORCID,Heimes Anne2ORCID,Vorländer Michael2ORCID,Schulte-Fortkamp Brigitte1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. HEAD-Genuit Foundation 1 , 52134 Herzogenrath, Germany

2. Institute for Hearing Technology and Acoustics, RWTH Aachen Univeristy, 52074 Aachen 2 , Germany

Abstract

Emerging technologies of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are enhancing soundscape research, potentially producing new insights by enabling controlled conditions while preserving the context of a virtual gestalt within the soundscape concept. This study explored the ecological validity of virtual environments for subjective evaluations in soundscape research, focusing on the authenticity of virtual audio-visual environments for reproducibility. Different technologies for creating and reproducing virtual environments were compared, including field recording, simulated VR, AR, and audio-only presentation, in two audio-visual reproduction settings, a head-mounted display with head-tracked headphones and a VR lab with head-locked headphones. Via a series of soundwalk- and lab-based experiments, the results indicate that field recording technologies provided the most authentic audio-visual environments, followed by AR, simulated VR, and audio-only approaches. The authenticity level influenced subjective evaluations of virtual environments, e.g., arousal/eventfulness and pleasantness. The field recording and AR-based technologies closely matched the on-site soundwalk ratings in arousal, while the other approaches scored lower. All the approaches had significantly lower pleasantness ratings compared to on-site evaluations. The choice of audio-visual reproduction technology did not significantly impact the evaluations. Overall, the results suggest virtual environments with high authenticity can be useful for future soundscape research and design.

Funder

HEAD-Genuit-Stiftung

Publisher

Acoustical Society of America (ASA)

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