Affiliation:
1. The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021
2. Department of Microbiology, The University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
Abstract
Two
onc
genes of avian sarcoma viruses unrelated to the
src
gene have recently been identified:
fps
of Fujinami sarcoma virus/PRCII/UR1 and
yes
of Y73/Esh sarcoma virus. In the first part of this study we demonstrated that UR2, the most recently isolated avian sarcoma virus, contains in its genome a unique sequence,
ros
, nonhomologous to
src, fps
, and
yes
sequences or to transforming genes of avian acute leukemia viruses. Using cDNAs specific to the inserts of avian sarcoma virus genomes, we examined the existence and the transcription of cellular nucleotide sequences related to the three new
onc
genes of avian sarcoma virus (
fps, yes
and
ros
) in various cells. The progenitor cellular sequences for these
onc
genes (c-
onc
) were present in uninfected chicken DNA in one or few copies per haploid genome. These c-
onc
sequences were detectable in cellular DNA of a wide variety of vertebrates, and the homology between viral and cellular
onc
was inversely related to the phylogenetic distance of animal species. The pattern of expression of these c-
onc
genes in different tissues of chickens was found to be unique to each gene. The expression of c-
fps
and c-
ros
genes was generally repressed in many tissues, but c-
fps
was expressed at higher levels in bone marrow (2.5 copies per cell) and lung (1.1 copies per cell), whereas c-
ros
was mainly transcribed in kidney (2.5 copies per cell). On the other hand, c-
yes
transcripts were easily detectable in all tissues analyzed and were found at high levels in kidney (26 copies per cell). These c-
onc
expressions were unaffected by infection with avian sarcoma viruses that contained other
onc
genes. In a few cultures of chicken and quail transformed cells derived from tumors induced by chemical carcinogens, we found that the levels of transcription of the four c-
onc
genes remained unaltered, compared with that in normal tissues.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology
Cited by
134 articles.
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