Replicative Capacity Differences of Thymidine Analog Resistance Mutations in Subtype B and C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Author:

Armstrong Kimberly L.1,Lee Tun-Hou1,Essex M.12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases

2. Harvard School of Public Health AIDS Initiative, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Abstract

ABSTRACT In order to understand the impact of zidovudine resistance and thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) on subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1, we created mutants in subtype C reverse transcriptase (RT). The subtype B RT was placed in a subtype C backbone to act as a control. Mutants and wild-type (WT) virus were competed in a head-to-head competition assay to determine how different clones grew in the same culture. Different viruses were distinguished by sequence tags in nef and a quantitative-PCR assay. The 67N and 70R accessory mutations gave an advantage over the WT in subtype C, but these mutations in subtype B had replication capacities similar to that of the WT. Of the triple mutants examined, the TAM-1 types, 41L210W215Y, were the most fit in both subtypes, but only in subtype C was the replication capacity the same as that of the WT. The TAM-2 mutants, 67N70R215F, had the slowest replication in both clones. The mixed TAM pathway mutant, 67N70R215Y, in subtype C had a significant advantage over the TAM-2 mutant, but this was not seen in subtype B. When the WT viruses were competed with each other, the subtype B RT had enhanced replication relative to subtype C. The increased capacities of the 67N and 70R mutations may indicate that there will be greater transmitted resistance and persistence in a subtype C setting than what is known for subtype B.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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