Affiliation:
1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for the Study of Emerging and Reemerging Pathogens, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
2. Aronex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., The Woodlands, Texas 77381
Abstract
ABSTRACT
We investigated the in vitro activity of nystatin and liposomal nystatin against 103
Candida
isolates to determine the effect of both time and medium on MICs. We also compared the nystatin MICs with those of amphotericin B and fluconazole. Testing was performed in accordance with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A microdilution methodology with RPMI 1640, RPMI 1640 supplemented with glucose to 2% (RPMI-2), and antibiotic medium 3 supplemented with glucose to 2% (AM3). While nystatin MICs were similar to or slightly lower than liposomal nystatin MICs in RPMI 1640 and RPMI-2, they were markedly higher than liposomal nystatin MICs in AM3. Use of AM3 and determination of the MIC after 24 h of incubation provided a slightly wider range of liposomal nystatin MICs (0.06 to >16 μg/ml). Under these conditions, the MICs at which 90% of isolates were inhibited of nystatin and liposomal nystatin were 2 and 1 μg/ml, respectively. Nystatin and liposomal nystatin in general showed good activity against all
Candida
spp. tested. Although the MICs of nystatin and liposomal nystatin tended to rise in parallel with the amphotericin B MICs, nystatin and liposomal nystatin MICs of 1 to 2 and 0.5 to 1 μg/ml, respectively, were obtained for seven and six, respectively, of nine isolates for which amphotericin B MICs were ≥0.25 μg/ml. No correlation between fluconazole and nystatin or liposomal nystatin MICs was observed. As amphotericin B MICs of ≥0.25 μg/ml correlate with in vitro resistance, these results suggest that liposomal nystatin might have activity against some amphotericin B-resistant isolates. In vivo testing in animal models is required for clarification of this issue.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Reference34 articles.
1. Anaissie, E., V. Paetznick, R. Proffitt, M. J. Adler, and G. P. Bodey. 1991. Comparison of the in vitro antifungal activity of free and liposome-encapsulated amphotericin B. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.10:665-668.
2. Anaissie, E. J., N. C. Karyotakis, R. Hachem, M. C. Dignani, J. H. Rex, and V. Paetznick. 1994. Correlation between in vitro and in vivo activity of antifungal agents against Candida species. J. Infect. Dis.170:384-389.
3. Microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with and without agitation: an eight-center collaborative study
4. Broughton, M. C., M. Bard, and N. D. Lees. 1991. Polyene resistance in ergosterol producing strains of Candida albicans. Mycoses34:75-83.
5. Carrillo-Munoz, A. J., G. Quindos, C. Tur, M. T. Ruesga, Y. Miranda, O. del Valle, P. A. Cossum, and T. L. Wallace. 1999. In-vitro antifungal activity of liposomal nystatin in comparison with nystatin, amphotericin B cholesteryl sulphate, liposomal amphotericin B, amphotericin B lipid complex, amphotericin B desoxycholate, fluconazole and itraconazole. J. Antimicrob. Chemother.44:397-401.
Cited by
40 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献