Clonal Sequences Recovered from Plasma from Patients with Residual HIV-1 Viremia and on Intensified Antiretroviral Therapy Are Identical to Replicating Viral RNAs Recovered from Circulating Resting CD4 + T Cells

Author:

Anderson Jeffrey A.1,Archin Nancie M.1,Ince William1,Parker Daniel1,Wiegand Ann2,Coffin John M.2,Kuruc JoAnn1,Eron Joseph1,Swanstrom Ronald1,Margolis David M.1

Affiliation:

1. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

2. HIV Drug Resistance Program, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland

Abstract

ABSTRACT Despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART), low-level viremia (LLV) may be intermittently detected in most HIV-infected patients. Longitudinal blood plasma and resting CD4 + T cells were obtained from two patients on suppressive ART to investigate the source of LLV. Single-genome sequencing of HIV-1 env from LLV plasma was performed, and the sequences were compared to sequences recovered from limiting-dilution outgrowth assays of resting CD4 + T cells. The circulating LLV virus clone was identical to virus recovered from outgrowth assays from pools of millions of resting CD4 + T cells. Understanding the sources of LLV requires evaluation of all possible reservoirs of persistent HIV infection.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

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