Broadly Reactive H2 Hemagglutinin Vaccines Elicit Cross-Reactive Antibodies in Ferrets Preimmune to Seasonal Influenza A Viruses

Author:

Reneer Z. Beau12ORCID,Skarlupka Amanda L.12ORCID,Jamieson Parker J.1,Ross Ted M.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA

2. Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA

Abstract

H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses have cocirculated in the human population since 1977. Nearly every human alive today has antibodies and memory B and T cells against these two subtypes of influenza viruses.

Funder

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Georgia Research Alliance

University of Georgia

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Molecular Biology,Microbiology

Reference49 articles.

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019. 1957–1958 Pandemic (H2N2 virus). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1957-1958-pandemic.html.

2. Genetic analysis of human H2N2 and early H3N2 influenza viruses, 1957–1972: evidence for genetic divergence and multiple reassortment events

3. Knipe DM, Howley PM (ed). 2013. Fields virology, 6th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.

4. The College of Physicians of Philadelphia. 2020. The history of vaccines. The College of Physicians of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA. Accessed 20 May 2020. https://www.historyofvaccines.org/timeline#EVT_100808.

5. Influenza in Migratory Birds and Evidence of Limited Intercontinental Virus Exchange

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