Leafy chenopods: a nutritional powerhouse

Abstract

Leafy chenopods, a group of nutrient-dense, underutilized plant species, have emerged as a promising nutritional powerhouse with immense potential to combat micronutrient malnutrition globally. These resilient, drought-tolerant plants, including quinoa, amaranth, and huauzontle, have been cultivated for centuries by indigenous communities in the Americas and are now gaining recognition for their exceptional nutritional profile. Leafy chenopods are rich sources of protein, dietary fibre, and essential amino acids, making them valuable additions to plant-based diets. Moreover, they are abundant in micronutrients such as iron, zinc, calcium, and vitamins A, C, and E, addressing common deficiencies in many populations. Their high antioxidant content, derived from compounds like betalains and polyphenols, may confer protective effects against chronic diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties hold promise for therapeutic applications. These resilient crops can thrive in marginal lands and harsh climatic conditions, making them well-suited for cultivation in areas affected by climate change and water scarcity. Their tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses further enhances their potential as sustainable and climate-smart crops. Leveraging these underutilized crops could be a significant step towards achieving food and nutrition security in the face of climate change and population growth.