Affiliation:
1. Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus
2. Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Oncology and Medical Radiology named after N.N. Aleksandrov, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus
Abstract
Introduction. Neuroblastoma (NB) in children is a rare disease, accounting for 7 % of all cases of oncological diseases in childhood. In this regard, epidemiological analysis requires the accumulation of data over a long period of time. The purpose of the study is to study the morbidity, mortality and survival rate of children 0–14 years old with NB in the Republic of Belarus (RB).Materials and methods. Based on the data from the children’s cancer subregister, morbidity, mortality and survival rates in child population were calculated from 1997 to 2017. A comparative epidemiological analysis was carried out in 2 time periods (1997–2007, 2008–2017).Results and discussion. The incidence rate of NB in the RB, standardized for age, was 1.142 ± 0.062 per 100 000 child population with an average annual growth rate of 3.2 % per year. The mortality rate for this period was 0.32 ± 0.03 per 100 000 child population, an increase of 0.51 % per year. The main cause of death in patients with NB is the recurrence of the underlying disease. In 2008, a single protocol was used to treat all risk groups, which led to a significant increase in the observed population survival rate from 56 % (1997–2007) to 72 % (2008–2017) (p = 0.0041). Comparing the age structure of morbidity in Germany and the RB, it is noted that we have a reliably later diagnosis of the disease in the age categories from 0 to 1 year, from 1 to 4 years, from 5 to 9 years. The median age of the patient at the time of diagnosis in Germany is 1 year and 2 months, in our country 1 year and 6 months.Conclusion. Indicators of standardized morbidity and mortality from NB in the RB correspond to the indicators of cancer registries in Western Europe and the USA. However, analyzing the age of the specific incidence of the disease, insufficient diagnosis of the disease is noted in the periods from 0 to 1 year, from 1 to 4 years and from 5 to 9 years compared to the data in Germany. This requires further improvement of the pediatric oncology service in the country.
Subject
Oncology,Hematology,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
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