Propagation of broadband mid-infrared optical pulses in atmosphere

Author:

Hensel Christian1ORCID,Vamos Lenard1ORCID,Tyulnev Igor1ORCID,Elu Ugaitz2ORCID,Biegert Jens13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. ICFO–Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 1 , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain

2. FHI-MPG–Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2 , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany

3. 3 ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain

Abstract

We study and describe the reshaping of ultrashort and broadband mid-IR optical pulses in an ambient atmosphere. While all pulse propagation undergoes dispersion and absorption, which causes pulse reshaping, the effects are strongly pronounced for broadband radiation in the mid-IR due to the orders of magnitude greater oscillator strengths of molecular constituents of our atmosphere. A noticeable macroscopic impact is a transition of the measured autocorrelation function from squared hyperbolic secant to Lorentzian, which we fully explain based on pulse propagation, including molecular free induction decay. Electro-optical sampling directly reveals the light wave response to atmospheric molecular free induction decay, and a Kramers–Kronig-based propagation model thoroughly explains the observation. The findings are essential for applications in sensing, standoff detection, high-energy pulse propagation, and energy delivery.

Funder

Horizon 2020 Framework Program

Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, Gobierno de España

Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca

Fundación Cellex

Centres de Recerca de Catalunya

Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung

Plan Nacional

Publisher

AIP Publishing

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