Comparative study of transonic shock–boundary layer interactions due to surface heating and cooling on an airfoil

Abstract

Implicit large eddy simulation results are compared to investigate the effects of wall-heating and wall-cooling on shock–boundary layer interaction over an airfoil. Heat flux is provided on the suction surface of the airfoil from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] for a Mach number of 0.72 and a Reynolds number based on chord of [Formula: see text]. Flow quantities are compared for the effects of heating and cooling. Numerical Schlieren snapshots reveal an oscillation of the shock wave and its interaction with upstream propagating Kutta waves generated from the trailing edge of the airfoil. Quantitative data obtained from these Schlieren snapshots and the mean aerodynamic load values indicate a reduction in frequency of oscillation of shock wave and a decrease in shock strength for the case of heating. Flow control by heating shows higher fluctuations in flow features evident from instantaneous quantities. Both imposed excitations lead to a marginal increase in aerodynamic efficiency (lift/drag). We also compare the integral aerodynamic parameters, such as lift and drag coefficients, and their ratio, [Formula: see text]. The simulations reported here follow the techniques used in Sengupta et al. [“Thermal control of transonic shock–boundary layer interaction over a natural laminar flow airfoil,” Phys. Fluids 33(12), 126110 (2021)].