Features of cataract surgery and the postoperative period in patients with glaucoma (part 2)

Abstract

According to the results of various studies, in up to 50% cases after cataract phacoemulsification patients with glaucoma experience ophthalmic hypertension on the first day. This occurs due to the mechanical retention of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber. Temporary decrease in the function of the eye drainage system is explained by pigment particles, viscoelastic, erythrocytes, protein  cells,  product  of postoperative inflammation and lens particles obstructing the trabecula. In the long-term period after phacoemulsification in glaucoma patients there is a decrease in  the intraocular pressure in up to 74% of cases.A decrease in the density of endothelial cells in these patients occurs as a result of fluctuation of intraocular pressure, prolonged application of hypotensive drops, surgical intervention and presence of drainage devices after antiglaucoma surgery. This leads to the increase of inflammatory reaction of the cornea in the form of edema of up to 16.9% after cataract phacoemulsification.Phacoemulsification also provides a significant hypotensive effect (up to 34%) and is a preventive measure for  an acute attack in patients with angle-closure glaucoma. However, the state of acute glaucoma attack leads to difficulties in phacoemulsification in the form of high intraocular pressure, corneal edema and small chamber. Cataract extraction under such circumstances causes an increase in postoperative corneal edema and eye inflammation of up to 22.85%.