Features of the daily blood pressure profile in obese young men

Abstract

Background. Arterial hypertension (AH) in obese patients is often masked (hidden) and is manifested by an increase in blood pressure (BP) at night, which makes it difficult to with office blood pressure measurement. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is an effective tool for diagnosing hypertension and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment in obese patients.The aim: to identify the features of the hypertension profile according to the ABPM data in obese young male patients.Materials and methods. A prospective observational study was conducted, which included 102 male patients with hypertension and obesity who were hospitalized in the endocrinology department of the V.P. Demikhov State Clinical Hospital.Results. The median age of the patients was 23 [21; 25] years; body mass index (BMI) 40 [32; 53] kg/m2. The patients did not receive antihypertensive therapy. In the groups of patients with grade 2 and 3 obesity, the median daily averages were 125.00 [105.50; 131.00] and 129.00 [120.50; 136.50] mmHg, respectively, for SBP (p=0.180) and 80.00 [75.00; 89.00] and 81.00 [73.50; 89.75] mmHg for DBP (p=0.937). 31.4% (n=32) of patients are of the "dipper" type, 52.9% (n=54) are "non-dippers", 8.8% (n=9) are "night pickers", 6.9% (n=7) "over-dippers". The median BMI in these groups was as follows: 39.45 [37.08; 42.40], 40.60 [38.35; 41.65], 39.40 [37.80; 39.90] and 40.10 [39.75; 45.25] kg/m2, respectively.Conclusions. Most patients are classified as "non-dippers", that is, they have an insufficient decrease in blood pressure at night, in addition, more than half of the patients have nocturnal hypertension, which is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes.