Author:
Galluzzi Lorenzo,Vitale Ilio,Warren Sarah,Adjemian Sandy,Agostinis Patrizia,Martinez Aitziber Buqué,Chan Timothy A,Coukos George,Demaria Sandra,Deutsch Eric,Draganov Dobrin,Edelson Richard L,Formenti Silvia C,Fucikova Jitka,Gabriele Lucia,Gaipl Udo S,Gameiro Sofia R,Garg Abhishek D,Golden Encouse,Han Jian,Harrington Kevin J,Hemminki Akseli,Hodge James W,Hossain Dewan Md Sakib,Illidge Tim,Karin Michael,Kaufman Howard L,Kepp Oliver,Kroemer Guido,Lasarte Juan Jose,Loi Sherene,Lotze Michael T,Manic Gwenola,Merghoub Taha,Melcher Alan A,Mossman Karen L,Prosper Felipe,Rekdal Øystein,Rescigno Maria,Riganti Chiara,Sistigu Antonella,Smyth Mark J,Spisek Radek,Stagg John,Strauss Bryan E,Tang Daolin,Tatsuno Kazuki,van Gool Stefaan W,Vandenabeele Peter,Yamazaki Takahiro,Zamarin Dmitriy,Zitvogel Laurence,Cesano Alessandra,Marincola Francesco M
Abstract
Cells succumbing to stress via regulated cell death (RCD) can initiate an adaptive immune response associated with immunological memory, provided they display sufficient antigenicity and adjuvanticity. Moreover, multiple intracellular and microenvironmental features determine the propensity of RCD to drive adaptive immunity. Here, we provide an updated operational definition of immunogenic cell death (ICD), discuss the key factors that dictate the ability of dying cells to drive an adaptive immune response, summarize experimental assays that are currently available for the assessment of ICD in vitro and in vivo, and formulate guidelines for their interpretation.
Subject
Cancer Research,Pharmacology,Oncology,Molecular Medicine,Immunology,Immunology and Allergy