Characteristics, outcome, duration of hospitalization, and cycle threshold of patients with COVID-19 referred to four hospitals in Babol City: a multicenter retrospective observational study on the fourth, fifth, and sixth waves
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Published:2024-01-06
Issue:1
Volume:24
Page:
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ISSN:1471-2334
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Container-title:BMC Infectious Diseases
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language:en
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Short-container-title:BMC Infect Dis
Author:
Sadeghi Farzin,Halaji Mehrdad,Shirafkan Hoda,Pournajaf Abazar,Ghorbani Hossein,Babazadeh Sara,Ezami Nafiseh,Fallhpour Kobra,Fakhraie Fatemeh,Gorjinejad Shahrbano,Amoli Saghar Saber,Amiri Fatemeh Hejazi,Baghershiroodi Mahnaz,Ahmadnia Zahra,Salehi Maryam,Tourani Mehdi,Jafarzadeh Jalal,Tabari Farzane Shanehbandpour,Ahmadian Seyed Raheleh,Mohammadi Abandansari Rouzbeh,Jafarian Farzaneh,Rouhi Samaneh,Zabihollahi Arezoo,Mostafanezhad Sarina,Saeedi Fatemeh,Ebrahimian Arefeh,Deldar Zeinab,Zavareh Mahmoud Sadeghi Haddad,Bayani Masoumeh,Broun Mana Bazi,Shirzad Moein,Sabbaghi Siamak,Mohammadi Mohsen,Rahmani Rabeae,Yahyapour Yousef
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of the present study was to compare the epidemiological patterns of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infections, hospitalizations, deaths, and duration of hospitalization during the fourth, fifth and sixth epidemic waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Iran.
Methods
A multicenter retrospective observational study was conducted on hospitalized patients in four hospitals in the Babol district of northern Iran. The study periods were during the fourth, fifth, and sixth waves of the epidemic in Iran, (March 2021 to March 2022). A total of 13,312 patients with suspected COVID-19 were included. Patient demographics, medical history, length of hospital stay, and clinical outcomes were obtained from the hospital information system. Data on the cycle threshold (Ct) and SARS-CoV2 variant were collected for SARS-CoV2-positive cases.
Results
The highest number of hospitalized patients was reported during the fifth (Delta) wave (5231; 39.3%), while the lowest number of hospitalized patients was reported during the sixth (Omicron) wave (2143; 16.1%). In total, 6459 (48.5%) out of 13,312 hospitalized patients with suspected COVID-19 had a positive rRT-PCR result. The fifth (Delta) wave had the highest number of SARS-CoV2 rRT-PCR-positive hospitalized patients (3573, 55.3%), while the sixth (Omicron) wave had the lowest number (835, 12.9%). Moreover, 238 (3.7%) patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 died. The hospital mortality rate was 6.8% in the fourth (Alpha) wave, which reduced to 2.7 and 3.5% in the fifth (Delta) and sixth (Omicron) waves, respectively (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
This is the most comprehensive study evaluating the epidemiologic characteristics of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV2 cases in Iran during the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron waves. The highest number of SARS-CoV2-positive hospitalized patients was in the fifth wave of COVID-19 (dominance of the Delta variant), while the sixth wave (dominance of the Omicron variant) had the lowest number. Comorbidities were similar, and cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, and hypertension were the main risk factors in all waves.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Infectious Diseases
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