Lymphocyte subset alterations with disease severity, imaging manifestation, and delayed hospitalization in COVID-19 patients

Author:

Wu Daxian,Wu Xiaoping,Huang Jiansheng,Rao Qunfang,Zhang Qi,Zhang WenfengORCID

Abstract

Abstract Background COVID-19 continuously threated public health heavily. Present study aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subset alterations with disease severity, imaging manifestation, and delayed hospitalization in COVID-19 patients. Methods Lymphocyte subsets was classified using flow cytometry with peripheral blood collected from 106 patients. Results Multivariate logistic regression showed that chest tightness, lymphocyte count, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were the independent predictors for severe COVID-19. The T cell, CD4+ T cell and B cell counts in severe patients were significantly lower than that in mild patients (p = 0.004, 0.003 and 0.046, respectively). Only the T cell count was gradually decreased with the increase of infiltrated quadrants of lesions in computed tomography (CT) (p = 0.043). The T cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell counts were gradually decreased with the increase of infiltrated area of the maximum lesion in CT (p = 0.002, 0.003, 0.028; respectively). For severe patients, the counts of T cell, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell gradually decreased with the increased delayed hospitalization (p = 0.001, 0.03, and <  0.001, respectively). The proportions of T cell, CD8+ T cell gradually decreased with the increased delayed hospitalization (both p <  0.001), but the proportions of NK cell, B cell gradually increased with the increased delayed hospitalization (p = 0.007, and 0.002, respectively). For mild patients, only the NK cell count was gradually decreased with the increased delayed hospitalization (p = 0.012). Conclusion T lymphocyte and its subset negatively correlated with disease severity, CT manifestation and delayed hospitalization. The counts of lymphocyte subset were changed more profound than their proportions.

Funder

the National Science and Technology Major Project of China

the Personnel Plan of Jiangxi Science and Technology Department

the Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Infectious Diseases

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