Microbiological and molecular insights on rare Actinobacteria harboring bioactive prospective

Abstract

Abstract Background Actinobacteria is as a group of advanced filamentous bacteria. Rare Actinobacteria are of special interest as they are rarely isolated from the environments. They are a major source of important bioactive compounds. Determining the proper strategy for the identification of Actinobacteria harboring biosynthetic gene clusters and producing bioactive molecules is a challenging platform. Methodology In this review, we discuss a consequence of microbiological and molecular methods for the identification of rare Actinobacteria. In addition to that, we shed light on rare Actinobacteria’s significance in antibiotic production. We also clarified molecular approaches for the manipulation of novel biosynthetic gene clusters via PCR screening, fosmid libraries, and Illumina whole-genome sequencing in combination with bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion Perceptions of the conventional and molecular identification of Actinobacteria were conducted. This will open the door for the genetic manipulation of novel antibiotic gene clusters in heterologous hosts. Also, these conclusions will lead to constructing new bioactive molecules via genetically engineering biosynthetic pathways.