Integrative overview of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and their possible applications in COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment

Author:

Valdez-Cruz Norma A.,García-Hernández Enrique,Espitia Clara,Cobos-Marín Laura,Altamirano Claudia,Bando-Campos Carlos G.,Cofas-Vargas Luis F.,Coronado-Aceves Enrique W.,González-Hernández Ricardo A.,Hernández-Peralta Pablo,Juárez-López Daniel,Ortega-Portilla Paola A.,Restrepo-Pineda Sara,Zelada-Cordero Patricio,Trujillo-Roldán Mauricio A.ORCID

Abstract

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is a novel β-coronavirus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic disease, which spread rapidly, infecting more than 134 million people, and killing almost 2.9 million thus far. Based on the urgent need for therapeutic and prophylactic strategies, the identification and characterization of antibodies has been accelerated, since they have been fundamental in treating other viral diseases. Here, we summarized in an integrative manner the present understanding of the immune response and physiopathology caused by SARS-CoV-2, including the activation of the humoral immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection and therefore, the synthesis of antibodies. Furthermore, we also discussed about the antibodies that can be generated in COVID-19 convalescent sera and their associated clinical studies, including a detailed characterization of a variety of human antibodies and identification of antibodies from other sources, which have powerful neutralizing capacities. Accordingly, the development of effective treatments to mitigate COVID-19 is expected. Finally, we reviewed the challenges faced in producing potential therapeutic antibodies and nanobodies by cell factories at an industrial level while ensuring their quality, efficacy, and safety.

Funder

Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Bioengineering,Biotechnology

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