Author:
Zhou Jiaxin,Zhou Yonghong,Luo Kaiwei,Liao Qiaohong,Zheng Wen,Gong Hui,Shi Huilin,Zhao Shanlu,Wang Kai,Qiu Qi,Dai Bingbing,Ren Lingshuang,Wang Lili,Gao Lidong,Xu Meng,Liu Nuolan,Lu Wanying,Zheng Nan,Chen Xinhua,Chen Zhiyuan,Yang Juan,Cauchemez Simon,Yu Hongjie
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A major hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) pathogen, coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), has predominated in several of the last 10 years and caused the largest number of HFMD outbreaks between 2011 and 2018 in China. We evaluated the efficacy of maternal anti-CVA16 antibody transfer via the placenta and explored the dynamics of maternal and natural infection-induced neutralizing antibodies in children.
Methods
Two population-based longitudinal cohorts in southern China were studied during 2013–2018. Participants were enrolled in autumn 2013, including 2475 children aged 1–9 years old and 1066 mother-neonate pairs, and followed for 3 years. Blood/cord samples were collected for CVA16-neutralizing antibody detection. The maternal antibody transfer efficacy, age-specific seroprevalence, geometric mean titre (GMT) and immune response kinetics were estimated.
Results
The average maternal antibody transfer ratio was 0.88 (95% CI 0.80–0.96). Transferred maternal antibody levels declined rapidly (half-life: 2.0 months, 95% CI 1.9–2.2 months). The GMT decayed below the positive threshold (8) by 1.5 months of age. Due to natural infections, it increased above 8 after 1.4 years and reached 32 by 5 years of age, thereafter dropping slightly. Although the average duration of maternal antibody-mediated protection was < 3 months, the duration extended to 6 months on average for mothers with titres ≥ 64.
Conclusions
Anti-CVA16 maternal antibodies are efficiently transferred to neonates, but their levels decline quickly. Children aged 0–5 years are the main susceptible population and should be protected by CVA16 vaccination, with the optimal vaccination time between 1.5 months and 1 year of age.
Funder
Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Li Ka Shing Oxford Global Health Programme
Emergency Response Mechanism Operation Program, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
AXA Research Fund, the Investissement d’Avenir program, the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases program
Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and the INCEPTION project
Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation
Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission
Chinese Preventive Medicine Association
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cited by
1 articles.
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