Activatable fluorescent probes for imaging and diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

Author:

Luo Pan,Gao Fu-Qiang,Sun Wei,Li Jun-You,Wang Cheng,Zhang Qing-Yu,Li Zhi-Zhuo,Xu PengORCID

Abstract

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that is primarily manifested as synovitis and polyarticular opacity and typically leads to serious joint damage and irreversible disability, thus adversely affecting locomotion ability and life quality. Consequently, good prognosis heavily relies on the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic monitoring of RA. Activatable fluorescent probes play vital roles in the detection and imaging of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and in vivo imaging. Herein, we review the fluorescent probes developed for the detection and imaging of RA biomarkers, namely reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, hydroxyl radical, nitroxyl), pH, and cysteine, and address the related challenges and prospects to inspire the design of novel fluorescent probes and the improvement of their performance in RA studies.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Horizontal Project/Spontaneous Research Funding

the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding

Elite Medical Professionals project of China-Japan Friendship Hospita

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Medicine

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