Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells are verified to be potential seed candidates for bio-root regeneration in three-dimensional culture

Author:

Yuan Yu,Zhang Xiaonan,Zhan Yuzhen,Tang Song,Deng Pingmeng,Wang Zhenxiang,Li JieORCID

Abstract

Abstract Background Bio-root regeneration is a promising treatment for tooth loss. It has been reported that dental-derived stem cells are effective seed cells for bio-root construction, but further applications are limited by their few sources. Human adipose tissues have a wide range of sources and numerous studies have confirmed the ability of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine. In the current study, the odontogenic capacities of ASCs were compared with dental-derived stem cells including dental follicle cells (DFCs), and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). Methods The biological characteristics of ASCs, DFCs, and SHEDs were explored in vitro. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures were compared in vitro. Odontogenic characteristics of porcine-treated dentin matrix (pTDM) induced cells under a 3D microenvironment in vitro were compared. The complexes (cell/pTDM) were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice to verify regenerative potential. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to explore molecular mechanisms of different seed cells in bio-root regeneration. Results 3D culture was more efficient in constructing bio-root complexes. ASCs exhibited good biological characteristics similar to dental-derived stem cells in vitro. Besides, pTDM induced ASCs presented odontogenic ability similar to dental-derived stem cells. Furthermore, 3D cultured ASCs/pTDM complex promoted regeneration of dentin-like, pulp-like, and periodontal fiber-like tissues in vivo. Analysis indicated that PI3K-Akt, VEGF signaling pathways may play key roles in the process of inducing ASCs odontogenic differentiation by pTDM. Conclusions ASCs are potential seed cells for pTDM-induced bio-root regeneration, providing a basis for further research and application. Graphical Abstract

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission

Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Yuzhong Distinct

Scientific and Young and Middle-aged Senior Medical Talents studio of Chongqing

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cell Biology,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous),Molecular Medicine,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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