Combined treatment of nerve growth factor and transcranical direct current stimulations to improve outcome in children with vegetative state after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
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Published:2023-05-10
Issue:1
Volume:18
Page:
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ISSN:1745-6150
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Container-title:Biology Direct
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biol Direct
Author:
Curatola Antonietta,Graglia Benedetta,Granata Giuseppe,Conti Giorgio,Capossela Lavinia,Manni Luigi,Ferretti Serena,Di Giuda Daniela,Romeo Domenico Marco,Calcagni Maria Lucia,Soligo Marzia,Castelli Enrico,Piastra Marco,Mantelli Flavio,Marca Giacomo Della,Staccioli Susanna,Romeo Tiziana,Pani Marcello,Cocciolillo Fabrizio,Mancino Aldo,Gatto Antonio,Chiaretti Antonio
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the most dramatic events in pediatric age and, despite advanced neurointensive care, the survival rate remains low. Currently, no effective treatments can restore neuronal loss or produce significant improvement in these patients. Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin potentially able to counteract many of the deleterious effects triggered by OHCA. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been reported to be neuroprotective in many neurological diseases, such as motor deficit and cognitive impairment. Children with the diagnosis of chronic vegetative state after OHCA were enrolled. These patients underwent a combined treatment of intranasal administration of human recombinant NGF (hr-NGF), at a total dose of 50 gamma/kg, and tDCS, in which current intensity was increased from zero to 2 mA from the first 5 s of stimulation and maintained constant for 20 min. The treatment schedule was performed twice, at one month distance each. Neuroradiogical evaluation with Positron Emission Tomography scan (PET), Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Electroencephalography (EEG) and Power Spectral Density of the brain (PSD) was determined before the treatment and one month after the end. Neurological assessment was deepened by using modified Ashworth Scale, Gross Motor Function Measure, and Disability Rating Scale.
Results
Three children with a chronic vegetative state secondary to OHCA were treated. The combined treatment with hr-NGF and tDCS improved functional (PET and SPECT) and electrophysiological (EEG and PSD) assessment. Also clinical conditions improved, mainly for the reduction of spasticity and with the acquisition of voluntary finger movements, improved facial mimicry and reaction to painful stimuli. No side effects were reported.
Conclusions
These promising preliminary results and the ease of administration of this treatment make it worthwhile to be investigated further, mainly in the early stages from OHCA and in patients with better baseline neurological conditions, in order to explore more thoroughly the benefits of this new approach on neuronal function recovery after OHCA.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Applied Mathematics,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Modeling and Simulation,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Immunology
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