Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB can affect people of all age groups, including children (aged 0–15 years). However, very little is known about the extent of this problem in children. This systematic review aims to investigate the incidence of TB and drug-resistant (DR) TB among the pediatric population. It also reviews the therapeutic options available to treat the condition.
Methods
A comprehensive search for all relevant evidence was conducted. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science. The searched time frame was limited from January 1990 to December 2020 with a focus on the incidence of TB and MDR-TB among pediatrics and the therapeutic options available.
Results
A total of 537 articles were obtained via the selected databases. After title and abstract screening, 418 articles were excluded leaving 119 articles. Full-text screening was conducted on 119 articles, excluding a further 110 articles. Thus, 9 articles were subject to quality assessment and included in this review. The 9 articles represented the age group of 0–15 years and included both males and females. All studies included were of retrospective study design.
Discussion
The included studies mentioned a moderate increase in TB cases among pediatrics exacerbated by malnutrition, lack of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. MDR-TB prevalence was especially high in South Africa. Drug therapy for both TB and MDR-TB yielded favorable outcomes among pediatrics. However, one of the biggest challenges with drug therapy includes the dosage forms available.
Systematic review registration
DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/G34NF
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference43 articles.
1. Tuberculosis South Africa Project. WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2020: USAID, Publication; 2020. Available at: https://tbsouthafrica.org.za/resources/who-global-tuberculosis-report-2020#background. Accessed 22 May 2021, 11:00
2. Latent TB infection and TB disease. Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Page last reviewed December 11th 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/tbinfectiondisease.htm. Accessed 11 June 2022, 11:27.
3. Tuberculosis. John Hopkins Medicine. Available at: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/tuberculosis-tb. Accessed 11 June 2022, 11:40.
4. World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2012. Geneva: WHO Press; 2012.
5. Falzon D, Jaramillo E, Schunemann HJ, Arentz M, Bauer M, Bayona T, et al. WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: 2011. Eur Respir J. 2011;38:516–28. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00073611 Falzon D., Gandhi N., Migliori G.B., Sotgiu G., Cox H.S., Holtz H.T., Hollm-Delgado M., Keshavjee S., DeRiemer K., Centis R., D’Ambrosio L., Lange C.G., Bauer M., Menzies D. on behalf of the Collaborative Group for Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDR-TB. Resistance to fluoroquinolones and second-line injectable drugs: impact on multidrug-resistant TB outcomes. Published in the European Respiratory Journal 2013 42: 156-168; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00134712.
Cited by
7 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献