Cross-reactive antibody response to Monkeypox virus surface proteins in a small proportion of individuals with and without Chinese smallpox vaccination history
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Published:2023-10-02
Issue:1
Volume:21
Page:
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ISSN:1741-7007
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Container-title:BMC Biology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:BMC Biol
Author:
Xia Anqi, Wang Xiaojie, He Jiaying, Wu Wei, Jiang Weiyu, Xue Song, Zhang Qianqian, Gao Yidan, Han Yuru, Li Yaming, Peng Xiaofang, Xie Minxiang, Mayer Christian T., Liu Jie, Hua Chen, Sha Yiou, Xu Wei, Huang Jinghe, Ying Tianlei, Jiang Shibo, Xie Youhua, Cai Qiliang, Lu Lu, Silva Israel T., Yuan Zhenghong, Zhang Yixiao, Wang QiaoORCID
Abstract
Abstract
Background
After the eradication of smallpox in China in 1979, vaccination with the vaccinia virus (VACV) Tiantan strain for the general population was stopped in 1980. As the monkeypox virus (MPXV) is rapidly spreading in the world, we would like to investigate whether the individuals with historic VACV Tiantan strain vaccination, even after more than 40 years, could still provide ELISA reactivity and neutralizing protection; and whether the unvaccinated individuals have no antibody reactivity against MPXV at all.
Results
We established serologic ELISA to measure the serum anti-MPXV titer by using immunodominant MPXV surface proteins, A35R, B6R, A29L, and M1R. A small proportion of individuals (born before 1980) with historic VACV Tiantan strain vaccination exhibited serum ELISA cross-reactivity against these MPXV surface proteins. Consistently, these donors also showed ELISA seropositivity and serum neutralization against VACV Tiantan strain. However, surprisingly, some unvaccinated young adults (born after 1980) also showed potent serum ELISA activity against MPXV proteins, possibly due to their past infection by some self-limiting Orthopoxvirus (OPXV).
Conclusions
We report the serum ELISA cross-reactivity against MPXV surface protein in a small proportion of individuals both with and without VACV Tiantan strain vaccination history. Combined with our serum neutralization assay against VACV and the recent literature about mice vaccinated with VACV Tiantan strain, our study confirmed the anti-MPXV cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization of smallpox vaccine using VACV Tiantan strain. Therefore, it is necessary to restart the smallpox vaccination program in high risk populations.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China National Key Research and Development Program Shanghai municipal science and technology major project
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Plant Science,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Physiology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Structural Biology,Biotechnology
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