Author:
Zhang Kangdi,Jia Xiaomin,Yu Wenjie,Cheng Xin,Li Yingqing,Wang Xinqiang,Wang Jie,Li Zhenhua,Mao Yicheng,Zhao Jiawen,Li Tao,Chen Maolin,Gao Guopeng,Hu Chengyang,Yan Shuangqin,Zhang Xiujun
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The placenta serves as the sole maternal organ responsible for transmitting nutrients to the fetus, playing a crucial role in supporting standard fetal growth and development. To date, only a small number of studies have investigated the impact of maternal gestational weight gain and lipid concentrations on placental development. This study aimed to explore the influence of weight gain during pregnancy and lipid levels in the second trimester on placental weight, volume, and the placental weight ratio.
Methods
This birth cohort study encompassed 1,358 mother-child pairs. Placental data for each participant was gathered immediately post-delivery, and the study incorporated data on gestational weight gain throughout pregnancy and lipid profiles from the mid-trimester. A linear regression model was employed to assess the correlations between gestational weight gain, mid-trimester lipid levels, and metrics such as placental weight, placental volume, and the placental-to-birth weight ratio (PFR).
Results
In the study groups of pre-pregnancy underweight, normal weight, and overweight, the placental weight increased by 4.93 g (95% CI: 1.04–8.81), 2.52 g (95% CI: 1.04–3.99), and 3.30 g (95% CI: 0.38–6.22) per 1 kg of gestational weight gain, respectively. Within the pre-pregnancy underweight and normal weight groups, the placental volume increased by 6.79 cm^3 (95% CI: 3.43–10.15) and 2.85 cm^3 (95% CI: 1.31–4.39) per 1 kg of gestational weight gain, respectively. Additionally, placental weight exhibited a positive correlation with triglyceride (TG) levels (β = 9.81, 95% CI: 3.28–16.34) and a negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels (β = − 46.30, 95% CI: − 69.49 to − 23.11). Placental volume also showed a positive association with TG levels (β = 14.54, 95% CI: 7.69–21.39). Conversely, PFR demonstrated a negative correlation with increasing HDL-C levels (β = − 0.89, 95% CI: − 1.50 to − 0.27).
Conclusions
Gestational weight gain was significantly correlated with both placental weight and volume. This association was especially pronounced in women who, prior to pregnancy, were underweight or of normal weight. Additionally, TG and HDL-C levels during the mid-trimester were linked to placental development.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Scientific Research Promotion Plan of Anhui Medical University
Projects of Natural Science Research of Anhui Provincial Department of Education
Biostime Maternal and Child Nutrition and Health Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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