Author:
Fan Xiucong,Chen Danxia,Bao Siwei,Dong Xiaohui,Fang Fang,Bai Rong,Zhang Yuyi,Zhang Xiaogang,Tang Weijun,Ma Yabin,Zhai Xiaobo
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) abuse poses an overwhelming threat to the allocation of medical resources and places a heavy burden on global medical expenses. In this study, we put forward our prospective prescription review system and evaluated the effects of this system on clinical outcomes, rational medication use and costs related to PPIs.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in which the included patients were divided into a preintervention group (2019.10–2020.09) and a postintervention group (2020.10–2021.09). To reduce the bias of patients’ baseline characteristics, the propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed. The primary endpoints were the incidence of stress ulcers (SUs), the improvement and cure rates of gastrointestinal haemorrhage, the defined daily dose (DDD), the drug utilization index (DUI) and the DDD/100 patient-days. The secondary endpoints included the types of unreasonable medication orders for PPIs, the PPI utilization rate and PPI costs.
Results
A total of 53,870 patients were included to evaluate the secondary endpoints, and 46,922 patients were paired by PSM and assessed to evaluate the primary endpoints. The number of PPIs used and PPI costs were significantly lower in the postintervention group than in the preintervention group (P < 0.001). The rationality evaluation results showed that the frequency of PPI use and the number of drug interactions were significantly higher in the preintervention group than in the postintervention group (P < 0.01). The proportion of patients taking oral PPIs was significantly increased in the postintervention group (29.30% vs. 34.56%, p < 0.01). For the utilization of PPIs both for prevention and treatment, the DUI and DDD/100 patient-days were substantially decreased in the postintervention group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). The incidence of SUs in the postintervention group was 44.95%, and that in the preintervention group was 51.93% (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The implementation of the prospective prescription review system on rational PPI use correlated with reduced PPI costs, more rational PPI medication use and better clinical outcomes, and this system is worthy of long-term implementation for further improvement of rational drug use.
Funder
Research on the Epidemiology of Severe Drug-induced Diseases of the Chinese Society of Toxicology
Key Specialties Foundation of Clinical Pharmacy of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission in China
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference42 articles.
1. Wei J, Chang J, Jiang R, Kang D, Li L, You C, Zhang J, Zhao G, Gao L, Huang Q, Luo D, Zhang H, Wu H, Wang S, Wang R. Risk factors for stress ulcer bleeding in neurocritical patients: a multi-center study. Chin J Neurosurg. 2018;34(2):129–33.
2. Larsen MD, Schou M, Kristiansen AS, Hallas J. The influence of hospital drug formulary policies on the prescribing patterns of proton pump inhibitors in primary care. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;70(7):859–65.
3. Patterson Burdsall D, Flores HC, Krueger J, Garretson S, Gorbien MJ, Iacch A, Dobbs V, Homa T. Use of proton pump inhibitors with lack of diagnostic indications in 22 midwestern US skilled nursing facilities. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14:429–32.
4. Forgacs I, Loganayagam A. Overprescribing proton pump inhibitors. BMJ. 2008;336(7634):2–3.
5. Maes ML, Fixen DR, Linnebur SA. Adverse effects of proton-pump inhibitor use in older adults: a review of the evidence. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2017;8(9):273–97.