Multicultural Classrooms in European Higher Education: Findings from Interviews with International Students and Teaching Staff

Abstract

The research, prepared for the Multicultural Classrooms: Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Higher Education Erasmus+ project, endeavours to assess the current state of multicultural classrooms in Europe through interviews conducted with lecturers and students at partner universities (Türkiye, Belgium, Romania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, and Spain). The research evaluates instructional systems designed to equip faculty members with the competence to manage heterogeneous and culturally diverse classroom environments. Additionally, the report seeks to identify avenues for embedding multiculturalism within European higher education. The methodological approach involves a literature review on multicultural classrooms, and the report accentuates the need to extend discussions on multicultural classrooms to the higher education context. The report presents findings from interviews with international students and teaching staff, summarising emergent themes derived from content analysis. These findings aim to enhance comprehension of multicultural classrooms in Europe and inform strategies to promote diversity and multiculturalism in European higher education institutions. The report underscores shared themes and fundamental aspects of higher education internationalisation within multicultural classrooms. The importance of language proficiency in English as a determinant of successful internationalisation is consistently recognised. Cultural diversity is celebrated as a valued ethos across all countries, with exposure to diverse cultures and perspectives deemed intrinsic to studying abroad. Institutional support for international students is highlighted, emphasising the need for robust orientation programs and support mechanisms. Challenges tied to cultural differences and language barriers are acknowledged universally, underscoring the significance of fostering cultural sensitivity and intercultural communication skills. Inclusive academic environments for international students are prioritised, where lecturers strive to establish settings fostering open dialogues and intercultural competence. The report emphasises the significance of training and professional development for lecturers in multicultural classrooms, including recommendations for observation periods abroad and exchange programs to promote inclusive practices. Based on an exhaustive analysis of national reports, the international report culminates in a compilation of recommended training courses crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of multicultural classrooms. Collectively, these findings underline a shared commitment to inclusive and supportive environments for international students across the featured countries. The insights gleaned hold value in shaping higher education internationalisation within and beyond Europe, acknowledging the significance of global interconnectedness and diversity in contemporary education.