DYNAMICS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CELLS OF THE CEREBELLUM IN ACUTE POISONING WITH CLOZAPINE IN COMBINATION WITH ALCOHOL

Abstract

According to most researchers, the central mechanism of clozapine poisoning in combination with alcohol is their cholinolytic effect. A life-threatening condition with clozapine occurs as a result of an unintentional overdose of the prescribed drug, suicidal behaviour, or criminal behaviour. Despite the urgency of the problem of clozapine poisoning in combination with alcohol, the pathogenesis of these conditions and the resulting morphological changes in the brain have not been sufficiently investigated. In this connection, the purpose of our experimental research is the study of the dynamics of changes in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum in the early period of acute poisoning with clozapine in combination with alcohol. In sections of the cerebellum of the control group, reversible changes in Purkinje cells (15–20%) predominated in the form of primary irritation and acute swelling. Irreversible damage to Purkinje cells (2-5%). 3 hours after poisoning with clozapine in combination with ethanol, Purkinje cells showed irreversible damage to cerebellar cells with signs of severe changes, neuronophagia, and pericellular edema, with the following ratio: reversible 25-30% and irreversible 60-70%. 24 hours after the combined poisoning with clozapine in combination with alcohol, in percentage terms, the ratio of the changes was the following: reversible 25-30% and irreversible 60-70%. The study revealed the dynamics of reversible and irreversible changes in Purkinje cells with a predominance of irreversible damage was established, especially after 24 hours from the start of the experiment.