COVID-19 in patients with acute leukemia: 3 years' experience of pandemic-Reference-Cited by-全球学者库

COVID-19 in patients with acute leukemia: 3 years' experience of pandemic

Published:2024-01-15 Issue:4 Volume:18 Page:45-52
ISSN:2413-4023
Container-title:Oncohematology
language:
Short-container-title:Onkogematologiâ

Author:

Chudnova T. S.¹^ORCID,Misyurina E. N.¹^ORCID,Baryakh E. A.²^ORCID,Tolstykh T. N.¹^ORCID,Shimanovskaya L. T.³^ORCID,Gagloeva D. E.¹^ORCID,Zhelnova E. I.³^ORCID,Makeshova A. B.¹^ORCID,Yatskov K. V.³^ORCID,Zotina E. N.¹^ORCID,Ivanova D. D.³^ORCID,Mingalimov M. A.¹^ORCID,Kochneva O. L.³^ORCID,Grishina E. Yu.³^ORCID,Polyakov Yu. Yu.¹^ORCID,Yakimets V. N.³^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow Healthcare Department; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)

2. City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow Healthcare Department; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

3. City Clinical Hospital No. 52, Moscow Healthcare Department

Abstract

Patients with acute leukemia are one of the most vulnerable risk groups for infection with SARS-CoV-2 and severe course of coronavirus infection. During the first 2 years of the pandemic, the mortality rate of patients with acute leukemia was 11-48 %, depending on leukemia type, and only reached population levels in 2022. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in patients with acute leukemia are old age, concomitant cardiac pathology, metabolic syndrome, and the absence of acute leukemia remission. Chemotherapy administered one month before hospitalization with COVID-19 diagnosis showed statistical significance in influencing hospital mortality only in the group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Despite this, the international medical community has recommended delaying the start of chemotherapy until clinical symptoms of coronavirus infection have completely resolved and a negative test result for SARS-CoV-2 has been obtained for all types of leukemia. Currently, the most optimal tactic is to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection by vaccinating patients with acute leukemia receiving antitumor treatment. If the immunological response to vaccination is insufficient, it is possible to use virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies as a safe and effective method of primary prevention of COVID-19.

Publisher

Publishing House ABV Press

Subject

Oncology,Hematology

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