Affiliation:
1. Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
2. Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging modality that can provide an assessment of function or molecular expression in tandem with anatomic detail. Over the last 20–25 years, a number of gadolinium-based MR contrast agents have been developed to enhance signal by altering proton relaxation properties. This review explores a range of these agents from small molecule chelates, such as Gd-DTPA and Gd-DOTA, to macromolecular structures composed of albumin, polylysine, polysaccharides (dextran, inulin, starch), poly(ethylene glycol), copolymers of cystamine and cystine with GD-DTPA, and various dendritic structures based on polyamidoamine and polylysine (Gadomers). The synthesis, structure, biodistribution, and targeting of dendrimer-based MR contrast agents are also discussed.
Subject
Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging,General Medicine,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
Cited by
66 articles.
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