Toward UV models of kinetic mixing and portal matter. VII. A light dark photon in the 3c3L1A1B model

Abstract

The kinetic mixing (KM) portal, by which the Standard Model (SM) photon mixes with a light dark photon arising from a new U(1)D gauge group, allows for the possibility of viable scenarios of sub-GeV thermal dark matter with appropriately suppressed couplings to the SM. This KM can only occur if particles having both SM and dark quantum numbers, here termed portal matter, also exist. The presence of such types of states and the strong suggestion of a need to embed U(1)D into a non-Abelian gauge structure not too far above the TeV scale based on the renormalization-group equation running of the U(1)D gauge coupling is potentially indicative of an enlarged group linking together the visible and dark sectors. The gauge group G=SU(3)c×SU(3)L×U(1)A×U(1)B=3c3L1A1B is perhaps the simplest setup wherein the SM and dark interactions are partially unified in a non-Abelian fashion that is not a simple product group of the form G=GSM×GD encountered frequently in earlier work. The present paper describes the implications and phenomenology of this type of setup. Published by the American Physical Society 2025