Transverse energy-energy correlators in the color-glass condensate at the electron-ion collider

Author:

Kang Zhong-Bo123ORCID,Penttala Jani12ORCID,Zhao Fanyi4,Zhou Yiyu561ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA

2. Mani L. Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA

3. Center for Frontiers in Nuclear Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA

4. Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

5. Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (MOE), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

6. Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Abstract

We investigate the transverse energy-energy correlators (TEEC) in the small-x regime at the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). Focusing on the back-to-back production of electron-hadron pairs in both ep and eA collisions, we establish a factorization formula given in terms of the hard function, quark distributions, soft functions, and TEEC jet functions, where the gluon saturation effect is incorporated. Numerical results for TEEC in both ep and eA collisions are presented, together with the nuclear modification factor RA. Our analysis reveals that TEEC observables in deep inelastic scattering provide a valuable approach for probing gluon saturation phenomena. Our findings underscore the significance of measuring TEEC at the EIC, emphasizing its efficacy in advancing our understanding of gluon saturation and nuclear modifications in high-energy collisions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Funder

National Science Foundation

U.S. Department of Energy

Office of Science

Nuclear Physics

Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Co-design Center for Quantum Advantage

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)

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