Malignant Neoplasms of the Reproductive Organs as a Cause of Death of the Young Population in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Relevance. The demographic situation in the Russian Federation over the past decades has been characterized by negative dynamics, while the two key indicators, the ratio of which affects this, are birth and death rates. Of particular interest in this case are malignant neoplasms (MNs) of the organs of the reproductive system, which can both affect the decline in fertility, especially when it comes to the age group under 40, and make a significant contribution to the structure of the population mortality. Аim. Analyze the changes in mortality rates from cancer of the reproductive organs among the population aged 15 to 39 years, their dynamics and structure in the Russian Federation for 2011–2020. Materials and methods. To calculate the indicators, an analysis was carried out of the data of the forms of the federal state static observation on the distribution of the deceased by sex, age groups and causes of death by Rosstat (FSN-C51) and statistical information on the age and sex composition of the population of the territories of the Russian Federation. Results. The highest «crude» mortality rates were noted in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts (5.04 (95% CI = 4.49–5.58) and 5.00 (95% CI = 4.09–5.90) per 100 thousand of the population, respectively), the smallest – n the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District (2.58 (95% CI = 2.06 - 3.11) per 100 thousand of the population). Significant gender differences were also identified. Female mortality from malignancies of the reproductive organs was significantly higher (the "crude” mortality rate among women was found to be 7.57 (95% CI = 7.22–7.92) versus 0.72 (95% CI = 0.61–0.82) among men per 100 thousand) due to the dominance of oncological lesions of the cervix and mammary gland at an earlier age. Conclusion. The identified features of the manifestations of mortality from cancer of the reproductive organs for various territories and population groups can serve as a rationale for strengthening the existing preventive measures, such as vaccination against HPV, as well as for developing new strategies aimed at improving the demographic situation.