Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy and Long-Term Survival in Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Author:

Liedtke Cornelia1,Mazouni Chafika1,Hess Kenneth R.1,André Fabrice1,Tordai Attila1,Mejia Jaime A.1,Symmans W. Fraser1,Gonzalez-Angulo Ana M.1,Hennessy Bryan1,Green Marjorie1,Cristofanilli Massimo1,Hortobagyi Gabriel N.1,Pusztai Lajos1

Affiliation:

1. From the Departments of Breast Medical Oncology, Biostatistics and Applied Mathematics, and Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marseille Public Hospital System, Marseille; and Breast Cancer Unit and Translational Research Unit UPRES03535, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France

Abstract

Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) expression. In this study, we compared response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival between patients with TNBC and non-TNBC. Patients and Methods Analysis of a prospectively collected clinical database was performed. We included 1,118 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center for stage I-III breast cancer from 1985 to 2004 and for whom complete receptor information were available. Clinical and pathologic parameters, pathologic complete response rates (pCR), survival measurements, and organ-specific relapse rates were compared between patients with TNBC and non-TNBC. Results Two hundred fifty-five patients (23%) had TNBC. Patients with TNBC compared with non-TNBC had significantly higher pCR rates (22% v 11%; P = .034), but decreased 3-year progression-free survival rates (P < .0001) and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates (P < .0001). TNBC was associated with increased risk for visceral metastases (P = .0005), lower risk for bone recurrence (P = .027), and shorter postrecurrence survival (P < .0001). Recurrence and death rates were higher for TNBC only in the first 3 years. If pCR was achieved, patients with TNBC and non-TNBC had similar survival (P = .24). In contrast, patients with residual disease (RD) had worse OS if they had TNBC compared with non-TNBC (P < .0001). Conclusion Patients with TNBC have increased pCR rates compared with non-TNBC, and those with pCR have excellent survival. However, patients with RD after neoadjuvant chemotherapy have significantly worse survival if they have TNBC compared with non-TNBC, particularly in the first 3 years.

Publisher

American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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