Long-Term Analysis of the IFM 99 Trials for Myeloma: Cytogenetic Abnormalities [t(4;14), del(17p), 1q gains] Play a Major Role in Defining Long-Term Survival

Abstract

Purpose In multiple myeloma, many prognostic parameters have been proposed. However, all of these predict shorter survival. To identify patients with a longer life expectancy, we updated the data of patients treated in the IFM (Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome) 99-02 and 99-04 trials. Patients and Methods A series of 520 patients was analyzed. Median follow-up was 90.5 months. To perform a comprehensive analysis of the major prognostic factors, we reanalyzed all patients for 1q gains [in addition to updating del(13), t(4;14), and del(17p) analyses]. Results It was possible to identify a subgroup of patients (representing 20% of total patients) with an 8-year survival of 75%. These patients were defined by the absence of t(4;14), del(17p), and 1q gain and β2-microglobulin less than 5.5 mg/L. Conclusion We propose that all patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma be evaluated for these three chromosomal changes, not only to define high-risk patients but also to identify those with a longer life expectancy.