Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has attracted increasing attention in the desalination community since it holds the promise of being an energy-saving alternative, especially in brackish water conditions. As one of the key components of CDI, the electrode material has received the most research attention, and carbon nanomaterials have been well established as the most suitable electrodes for CDI. However, it was realized that the upper limit for conventional carbon-based CDI was around 20 mg g−1, which cannot meet the need for practical applications. In light of this, the research focus of CDI has switched to faradaic nanomaterials-based electrodes and their cell architectures due to their superior charge storage capacity and higher charge utilization when compared to the traditional carbon-based CDI. In this chapter, CDI has been redefined from the perspetive of faradaic nanomaterials. Various faradaic-based electrode materials are systematically presented and categorized based on their cell architectures, while the advantages and challenges facing each system are systematically discussed.
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry