The concept of essential use for determining when uses of PFASs can be phased out

Author:

Cousins Ian T.123ORCID,Goldenman Gretta456,Herzke Dorte78910,Lohmann Rainer11121314ORCID,Miller Mark15161714,Ng Carla A.18192014ORCID,Patton Sharyle2114,Scheringer Martin22232425ORCID,Trier Xenia262728,Vierke Lena293031,Wang Zhanyun3233233425ORCID,DeWitt Jamie C.353614

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES)

2. Stockholm University

3. Sweden

4. Milieu

5. Brussels

6. Belgium

7. NILU

8. Norwegian Institute for Air Research

9. Tromsø

10. Norway

11. Graduate School of Oceanography

12. University of Rhode Island

13. Narragansett

14. USA

15. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

16. U.S. Public Health Service

17. Research Triangle Park

18. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

19. University of Pittsburgh

20. Pittsburgh

21. Health and Environment Program Commonweal

22. Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics

23. ETH Zürich

24. 8092 Zürich

25. Switzerland

26. DTU Technical University of Denmark

27. Copenhagen

28. Denmark

29. German Environment Agency (UBA)

30. Dessau-Roßlau

31. Germany

32. Chair of Ecological Systems Design

33. Institute of Environmental Engineering

34. 8093 Zürich

35. East Carolina University

36. Greenville

Abstract

The concept of essential use is developed and applied to various uses of PFASs to determine the feasibility of elimination or substitution in each use category.

Funder

Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Publisher

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Subject

Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Environmental Chemistry,General Medicine

Reference96 articles.

1. OECD/UNEP , Toward a new comprehensive global database of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs): Summary report on updating the OECD 2007 list of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , 2018

2. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: Terminology, classification, and origins

3. Applications|FluoroCouncil , https://fluorocouncil.com/applications/ , accessed 18 February 2019

4. Fluorinated alternatives to long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and their potential precursors

5. Global emission inventories for C4–C14 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA) homologues from 1951 to 2030, Part I: production and emissions from quantifiable sources

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