Long-standing foreign body in the right bronchus of a 7-year-old girl

Abstract

Foreign body aspiration (FB) is one of the leading causes of death from accidents among preschool children. Every year, up to 8% of children worldwide die as a result of foreign body aspiration. In developed countries, the mortality rate is lower, but the problem remains no less urgent due to the high attendance at emergency departments. Longstanding foreign bodies deserve special attention. The absence of an aspiration episode in the anamnesis of the disease, nonspecific respiratory symptoms, “X-ray negative” foreign bodies, as well as organic FB can complicate the diagnostic search. The article presents data from domestic and foreign literature on epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, as well as modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of foreign body aspiration. The authors present their own clinical observation of a long-standing foreign body in the bronchus in a 7-year-old child. Prolonged cough and repeated episodes of bronchial obstruction for 4 years were regarded as the onset of bronchial asthma. The lack of effect from ongoing bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory therapy with high doses of inhaled glucocorticosteroids dictated the need to expand the diagnostic search, and therefore the child was sent for examination in a hospital to the pulmonology department of the Children’s Clinical Hospital I.M. Sechenov. During endoscopic examination, a metal spiral spring (7 mm in size) was found in the child and simultaneously removed, which was presumably within 4 years in the right bronchus. Over the next 6 months, bronchial obstruction did not recur, there were no complaints.