Assessment of Endocrine, Metabolic, and Fibrinolytic Profile and Its Association with BMI in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a typical endocrine disorder that occurs in women and has a significant impact on the reproductive, metabolic, endocrine, and fibrinolytic systems. It is a heterogeneous clinical condition caused by multiple factors, especially obesity. Furthermore, metformin is the classical treatment approach for PCOS, which has conflicted results. The current study aimed to find out the effect of the usage of metformin on metabolic, fibrinolytic, and reproductive profiles between obese women with PCOS and non-obese women with PCOS. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 women diagnosed with PCOS and divided into two groups based on BMI. Each group was further subdivided into three subgroups (A, B, and C) based on their prescribed treatment. In addition, 50 age-matched controls were selected to compare the outcome. The reproductive hormones, lipid profile, glycaemic index, and fibrinolytic profile were measured in each group and compared to find the desired association. The demographic variables did not show significant variation within or between the groups except BMI. Group IA has shown better metabolic variables, Group IB has an improved endocrine profile, and Group IC has a better fibrinolytic profile(p>0.01**). Group II B has shown a better metabolic and endocrine profile, whereas it is significantly higher in the fibrinolytic profile (p>0.01**). Cumulatively Group II has a drastic reduction in all variables than group I(p>0.01**) except few non-significant variables. Obese PCOS patients are at an increased risk for complications such as endometrial hyperplasia, metabolic syndrome, and vascular thrombosis. Metformin and OCP are highly beneficial as they reduce the risk of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance and improve ovarian functions for a better reproductive life.