CRISPR-enabled point-of-care genotyping for APOL1 genetic risk assessment

Author:

Greensmith RobertORCID,Lape Isadora T,Riella Cristian V,Schubert Alexander JORCID,Metzger Jakob JORCID,Dighe Anand S,Tan Xiao,Hemmer Bernhard,Rau JosefineORCID,Wendlinger Sarah,Diederich Nora,Schütz AnjaORCID,Riella Leonardo VORCID,Kaminski Michael MORCID

Abstract

AbstractDetecting genetic variants enables risk factor identification, disease screening, and initiation of preventative therapeutics. However, current methods, relying on hybridization or sequencing, are unsuitable for point-of-care settings. In contrast, CRISPR-based-diagnostics offer high sensitivity and specificity for point-of-care applications. While these methods have predominantly been used for pathogen sensing, their utilization for genotyping is limited. Here, we report a multiplexed CRISPR-based genotyping assay using LwaCas13a, PsmCas13b, and LbaCas12a, enabling the simultaneous detection of six genotypes. We applied this assay to identify genetic variants in the APOL1 gene prevalent among African Americans, which are associated with an 8–30-fold increase in the risk of developing kidney disease. Machine learning facilitated robust analysis across a multicenter clinical cohort of more than 100 patients, accurately identifying their genotypes. In addition, we optimized the readout using a multi-analyte lateral-flow assay demonstrating the ability for simplified genotype determination of clinical samples. Our CRISPR-based genotyping assay enables cost-effective point-of-care genetic variant detection due to its simplicity, versatility, and fast readout.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Berlin Institute of Health

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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