Cross-reactive immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is low in pediatric patients with prior COVID-19 or MIS-C
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Published:2022-05-27
Issue:1
Volume:13
Page:
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ISSN:2041-1723
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Container-title:Nature Communications
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nat Commun
Author:
Tang Juanjie, Novak TanyaORCID, Hecker Julian, Grubbs GabrielleORCID, Zahra Fatema Tuz, Bellusci Lorenza, Pourhashemi Sara, Chou Janet, Moffitt Kristin, Halasa Natasha B., Schwartz Stephanie P., Walker Tracie C., Tarquinio Keiko M., Zinter Matt S.ORCID, Staat Mary A., Gertz Shira J., Cvijanovich Natalie Z., Schuster Jennifer E., Loftis Laura L., Coates Bria M., Mack Elizabeth H., Irby KatherineORCID, Fitzgerald Julie C., Rowan Courtney M.ORCID, Kong Michele, Flori Heidi R., Maddux Aline B., Shein Steven L.ORCID, Crandall HillaryORCID, Hume Janet R., Hobbs Charlotte V., Tremoulet Adriana H., Shimizu ChisatoORCID, Burns Jane C., Chen Sabrina R., Moon Hye Kyung, Lange Christoph, Randolph Adrienne G.ORCID, Khurana SurenderORCID
Abstract
AbstractNeutralization capacity of antibodies against Omicron after a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents is not well studied. Therefore, we evaluated virus-neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants by age-stratified analyses (<5, 5–11, 12–21 years) in 177 pediatric patients hospitalized with severe acute COVID-19, acute MIS-C, and in convalescent samples of outpatients with mild COVID-19 during 2020 and early 2021. Across all patients, less than 10% show neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron. Children <5 years of age hospitalized with severe acute COVID-19 have lower neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants compared with patients >5 years of age. As expected, convalescent pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C cohorts demonstrate higher neutralization titers than hospitalized acute COVID-19 patients. Overall, children and adolescents show some loss of cross-neutralization against all variants, with the most pronounced loss against Omicron. In contrast to SARS-CoV-2 infection, children vaccinated twice demonstrated higher titers against Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. These findings can influence transmission, re-infection and the clinical disease outcome from emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and supports the need for vaccination in children.
Funder
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | U.S. Food and Drug Administration U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary
Reference36 articles.
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