Re-engineered BCG overexpressing cyclic di-AMP augments trained immunity and exhibits improved efficacy against bladder cancer

Author:

Singh Alok Kumar,Praharaj Monali,Lombardo Kara A.,Yoshida TakahiroORCID,Matoso Andres,Baras Alex S.ORCID,Zhao LiangORCID,Srikrishna Geetha,Huang Joy,Prasad Pankaj,Powell Jonathan D.,Kates Max,McConkey DavidORCID,Pardoll Drew M.,Bishai William R.ORCID,Bivalacqua Trinity J.

Abstract

AbstractIn addition to its role as a TB vaccine, BCG has been shown to elicit heterologous protection against many other pathogens including viruses through a process termed trained immunity. Despite its potential as a broadly protective vaccine, little has been done to determine if BCG-mediated trained immunity levels can be optimized. Here we re-engineer BCG to express high levels of c-di-AMP, a PAMP recognized by stimulator of interferon genes (STING). We find that BCG overexpressing c-di-AMP elicits more potent signatures of trained immunity including higher pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, greater myeloid cell reprogramming toward inflammatory and activated states, and enhances epigenetic and metabolomic changes. In a model of bladder cancer, we also show that re-engineered BCG induces trained immunity and improved functionality. These results indicate that trained immunity levels and antitumor efficacy may be increased by modifying BCG to express higher levels of key PAMP molecules.

Funder

Willowcroft Foundation

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary

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