Effect of SARS-CoV-2 prior infection and mRNA vaccination on contagiousness and susceptibility to infection
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Published:2023-09-06
Issue:1
Volume:14
Page:
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ISSN:2041-1723
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Container-title:Nature Communications
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Nat Commun
Author:
Mongin DenisORCID, Bürgisser NilsORCID, Laurie Gustavo, Schimmel Guillaume, Vu Diem-Lan, Cullati StephaneORCID, Da Silva Mora Lucienne, Després Lena, Dudouit Rachel, Hirsch Béatrice, Müller Barbara, Roux Charlotte, Duc Géraldine, Zahnd Caroline, Caparros Adriana Uribe, Falcone Jean-Luc, Silva Nuno M., Goeury Thomas, Charpilloz Christophe, Adamou Silas, Brindel Pauline, Petrucci Roberta, Allgöwer Andrea, Kadjangaba Abdel, Loha Christopher Abo, Macher Emilie, Vassant Marc, Donnat Nadia, Pittet Philippe, Joubert Dominique, Carballido Samia, Germain Ariane, Bontemps Sophie, Delaporte Elisabeth, Genecand Camille, Metsini Aliki, Creac’h Valérie, Calatraba Virginie, Flüeli Laura, Piccard Hippolyte, Lebowitz Dan, Tardin Aglaé, Regard Simon, Courvoisier Delphine Sophie,
Abstract
AbstractThe immunity conferred by SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and infections reduces the transmission of the virus. To answer how the effect of immunity is shared between a reduction of infectiousness and an increased protection against infection, we examined >50,000 positive cases and >110,000 contacts from Geneva, Switzerland (June 2020 to March 2022). We assessed the association between secondary attack rate (i.e. proportion of new cases among contacts) and immunity from natural infection and/or vaccination, stratifying per four SARS-CoV-2 variants and adjusting for index cases and contacts’ socio-demographic characteristics and the propensity of the contacts to be tested. Here we show that immunity protected contacts from infection, rather than reducing infectiousness of index cases. Natural infection conferred the strongest immunity. Hybrid immunity did not surpass recent infection. Although of smaller amplitude, the reduction in infectiousness due to vaccination was less affected by time and by the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants than the susceptibility to infection. These findings support the role of vaccine in reducing infectiousness and underscore the complementary role of interventions reducing SARS-CoV-2 propagation, such as mask use or indoor ventilation.
Funder
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary
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