Longitudinal in vivo imaging of acute neuropathology in a monkey model of Ebola virus infection

Author:

Schreiber-Stainthorp WilliamORCID,Solomon Jeffrey,Lee Ji HyunORCID,Castro MarceloORCID,Shah Swati,Martinez-Orengo Neysha,Reeder Rebecca,Maric DraganORCID,Gross Robin,Qin Jing,Hagen Katie R.,Johnson Reed F.,Hammoud Dima A.ORCID

Abstract

AbstractEbola virus (EBOV) causes neurological symptoms yet its effects on the central nervous system (CNS) are not well-described. Here, we longitudinally assess the acute effects of EBOV on the brain, using quantitative MR-relaxometry, 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET and immunohistochemistry in a monkey model. We report blood–brain barrier disruption, likely related to high cytokine levels and endothelial viral infection, with extravasation of fluid, Gadolinium-based contrast material and albumin into the extracellular space. Increased glucose metabolism is also present compared to the baseline, especially in the deep gray matter and brainstem. This regional hypermetabolism corresponds with mild neuroinflammation, sporadic neuronal infection and apoptosis, as well as increased GLUT3 expression, consistent with increased neuronal metabolic demands. Neuroimaging changes are associated with markers of disease progression including viral load and cytokine/chemokine levels. Our results provide insight into the pathophysiology of CNS involvement with EBOV and may help assess vaccine/treatment efficacy in real time.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry

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