Abstract
AbstractSearching for factors that reduce zearalenone (ZEN) toxicity is an important challenge in wheat production, considering that this crop is a basic dietary ingredient. ZEN, absorbed by cells, is metabolized into α-zearalenol and α-zearalanol, and this study focused on the function of manganese ions as potential protectants against the mycotoxins. Stress effects were invoked by an application of 30 µM ZEN and its derivatives. Manganese ions were applied at 100 µM, not stress-inducing concentration. Importance of the biomembrane structures in the absorption of the mycotoxins was demonstrated inin vitrowheat calli and on model membranes. ZEN showed the greatest and α-zearalanol the smallest stressogenic effect manifested as a decrease in the calli growth. This was confirmed by variable increase in antioxidant enzyme activity. Mn ions added to the toxin mixture diminished stressogenic properties of the toxins. Variable decrease in total lipid content and the percentage of phospholipid fraction detected in calli cells exposed to ZEN and its metabolites indicated significance of the membrane structure. An analysis of physicochemical parameters of model membranes build from phosphatidylcholine, a basic lipid in native membranes, and its mixture with the tested toxins made by Langmuir technique and verified by Brewster angle microscopy, confirmed variable contribution of ZEN and its derivatives to the modification of membrane properties. The order of toxicity was as follows: ZEN ≥ α-zearalenol > α-zearalanol. Manganese ions present in the hydrophilic phase interacted with polar lipid groups and reduced the extent of membrane modification caused by the mycotoxins.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference62 articles.
1. D’Mello, J. P. F., Placinta, C. M. & Macdonald, A. M. C. Fusarium mycotoxins: a review of global implications for animal health, welfare and productivity. Science and Technology 80, 183–205 (1999).
2. Ismaiel, A. & Papenbrock, J. Mycotoxins: producing fungi and mechanisms of phytotoxicity. Agriculture 5, 492–537 (2015).
3. Wang, H. et al. Trichothecenes and aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum causing seedling blight and root rot in cereals. Plant pathology 55, 224–230 (2006).
4. Gromadzka, K., Waskiewicz, A., Chelkowski, J. & Golinski, P. Zearalenone and its metabolites: occurrence, detection, toxicity and guidelines. World Mycotoxin Journal 1, 209–220 (2008).
5. Öhlinger, R., Adler, A., Kräutler, O. & Lew, H. Occurrence of toxigenic fungi and related mycotoxins in cereals, feeds and foods in Austria. In An Overview on Toxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins in Europe (pp. 1–10). Springer, Dordrecht. (2004).
Cited by
7 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献