Abstract
AbstractMultiple sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have threatened human health for centuries. Most STIs spread not only through sexual (horizontal) transmission but also through mother-to-child (vertical) transmission. In a previous work (Ito et al. 2019), we studied a simple model including heterosexual and mother-to-child transmission and proposed a formulation of the basic reproduction number over generations. In the present study, we improved the model to take into account some factors neglected in the previous work: adult mortality from infection, infant mortality caused by mother-to-child transmission, infertility or stillbirth caused by infection, and recovery with treatment. We showed that the addition of these factors has no essential effect on the theoretical formulation. To study the characteristics of the epidemic threshold, we derived analytical formulas for three type-reproduction numbers for adult men, adult women and juveniles. Our result indicates that if an efficient vaccine exists for a prevalent STI, vaccination of females is more effective for containment of the STI than vaccination of males, because the type-reproduction number for adult men is larger than that for adult women when they are larger than one.
Funder
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
MEXT | Japan Science and Technology Agency
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference62 articles.
1. Oriel, J. D. The Scars of Venus: A History of Venereology (Springer-Verlag, 1994).
2. Waugh, M. History of sexually transmitted infections. In Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (eds Gross, G. & Tyring, S. K.) 3–11 (Springer-Verlag, 2011).
3. Gewirtzman, A., Bobrick, L., Conner, K. & Tyring, S. K. Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections. In Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (eds Gross, G. & Tyring, S. K.) 13–34 (Springer-Verlag, 2011).
4. World Health Organization. Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2006–2015: Breaking the Chain of Transmission (WHO Press, 2007).
5. Erbelding, E. & Quinn, T. C. The impact of antimicrobial resistance on the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Inf. Dis. Clin. North Am. 11, 889–903 (1997).
Cited by
6 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献