Author:
Omaña-Guzmán Isabel,Ortiz-Hernández Luis,Ancira-Moreno Monica,Godines-Enriquez Myrna,O’Neill Marie,Vadillo-Ortega Felipe
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal cardiometabolic markers trajectories (glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) with estimated fetal weight trajectories and birth weight in Mexican pregnant women without medical complications. Cardiometabolic marker trajectories were characterized using group-based trajectory models. Mixed-effect and linear regression models were estimated to assess the association of maternal trajectories with estimated fetal weight and birth weight. The final sample comprised 606 mother–child dyads. Two trajectory groups of maternal cardiometabolic risk indicators during pregnancy were identified (high and low). Fetuses from women with higher values of TG had higher weight gain during pregnancy ($$\hat{\beta }$$
β
^
= 24.00 g; 95%CI: 12.9, 35.3), were heavier at the sixth month ($$\widehat{\beta }$$
β
^
=48.24 g; 95%CI: 7.2, 89.7) and had higher birth weight ($$\widehat{\beta }$$
β
^
= 89.08 g; 95%CI: 20.8, 157.4) than fetuses in the low values trajectory. Fetuses from mothers with high SBP and DBP had less weight in the sixth month of pregnancy ($$\widehat{\beta }$$
β
^
= − 42.4 g; 95%CI: − 82.7, − 2.1 and $$\widehat{\beta }$$
β
^
= − 50.35 g; 95%CI: − 94.2, − 6.4), and a higher DBP trajectory was associated with lower birth weight ($$\widehat{\beta }$$
β
^
= − 101.48 g; 95%CI: − 176.5, − 26.4). In conclusion, a longitudinal exposition to high values of TG and BP was associated with potentially adverse effects on fetal growth. These findings support the potential modulation of children’s phenotype by maternal cardiometabolic conditions in pregnancies without medical complications.
Funder
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
PAPIIT
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference47 articles.
1. Cohorts Consortium of Latin America and the Caribbean (CC-LAC). Impact of common cardio-metabolic risk factors on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease in Latin America and the Caribbean: An individual-level pooled analysis of 31 cohort studies. Lancet Reg. Health Am. 4, 100068 (2021).
2. Scholl, T. O., Sowers, M., Chen, X. & Lenders, C. Maternal glucose concentration influences fetal growth, gestation, and pregnancy complications. Am. J. Epidemiol. 154, 514–520 (2001).
3. Vrijkotte, T. G. M., Algera, S. J., Brouwer, I. A., van Eijsden, M. & Twickler, M. B. Maternal triglyceride levels during early pregnancy are associated with birth weight and postnatal growth. J. Pediatr. 159, 736-742.e1 (2011).
4. Bakker, R., Steegers, E. A. P., Hofman, A. & Jaddoe, V. W. V. Blood pressure in different gestational trimesters, fetal growth, and the risk of adverse birth outcomes: The generation R study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 174, 797–806 (2011).
5. HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group et al. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. N. Engl. J. Med. 358, 1991–2002 (2008).